Showing posts with label Greater Antilles. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Greater Antilles. Show all posts

Sunday, October 11, 2020

Our new paper on Greater Antillean land mammal extinctions is published!

With great pleasure (and relief after nearly a decade of research) here I announce the publication of our paper Assessing the role of humans in Greater Antillean land vertebrate extinctions: New insights from Cuba on the journal Quaternary Science Review. Also, here is a link for its free download to all parties interested, in the next fifty days. 

I take this opportunity to thank all the coauthors of this paper, Ángelo Soto Centeno, Lázaro W. Viñola, Osvaldo Jiménez, Odlanyer Hernández de Lara, Logel Lorenzo, and Alexis Mychajliw – all respected specialists in their fields – for their significant contribution and participation in making this dream come true. Thank you. 

Here is a brief abstract: 

The Caribbean archipelago is a hotspot of biodiversity characterized by a high rate of extinction. Recent studies have examined these losses, but the causes of the Antillean Late Quaternary vertebrate extinctions, and especially the role of humans, are still unclear. Previous results provide support for climate-related and human-induced extinctions, but often downplaying other complex bio-ecological factors that are difficult to model or to detect from the fossil and archaeological record. Here, we discuss Caribbean vertebrate extinctions and the potential role of humans derived from new and existing fossil and archaeological data from Cuba. Our results indicate that losses of Cuba’s native fauna occurred in waves: one during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene, a second during the middle Holocene, and a third one during the last 2 thousand years, combining the arrival of agroceramists and later of Europeans. The coexistence of now-extinct species with multiple cultural groups in Cuba for over 4 thousand years implies that Cuban indigenous non-ceramic cultures exerted far fewer extinction pressures to native fauna than the later agroceramists and Europeans that followed. This suggests a determinant value to increased technological sophistication and demographics as plausible effective extinction drivers. Beyond looking at dates of first human arrival alone, future studies should also consider cultural diversity with attention to different bioecological factors that influence these biodiversity changes. 

Highlights

Cuban land mammal extinctions occurred in several waves after the middle Holocene, most intensively during the last 2000 thousand years

Cuba lost nearly half of its land mammal fauna during the late Amerindian subinterval (< 1500 thousand years)

Most important extinction episodes occurred after the arrival of agroceramist cultures, and later, Europeans

Cultural diversity, demographics, technological sophistication, and naturally occurring factors must be considered in human-induced extinction models

Future extinction models must consider the complex and concomitant combination of bioecological and climatological factors


[in Spanish]

Con gran gusto – y después de casi una década de investigación – anunciamos la publicación de nuestro artículo “Assessing the role of humans in Greater Antillean land vertebrate extinctions: New insights from Cuba” (Evaluación del papel de los seres humanos en la extinción de vertebrados terrestres de las Grandes Antillas: nuevas perspectivas desde Cuba) en la prestigiosa revista Quaternary Science Review. Aprovechen y compártanlo con los amigos y colegas que les interesen estos temas. Tomo este momento para agradecerle a los coautores Ángelo Soto Centeno, Lázaro W. Viñola, Osvaldo Jiménez, Odlanyer Hernández de Lara, Logel Lorenzo y Alexis Mychajliw por su arduo trabajo y participación en hacer este sueño realidad.

Resumen del trabajo:

El archipiélago caribeño es un “punto caliente” de biodiversidad caracterizado por una alta tasa de extinción. Los estudios recientes han examinado estas pérdidas, pero las causas de las extinciones de vertebrados del Cuaternario tardío de las Antillas, y especialmente el rol de los seres humanos, aún no están claros. Los resultados anteriores brindan apoyo a las extinciones inducidas por el hombre, pero a menudo se minimiza otros factores bioecológicos que son difíciles de modelar o detectar a partir del registro arqueológico o fósil. Aquí discutimos las extinciones de vertebrados en las Antillas Mayores y el papel que han jugado los humanos en las extinciones más recientes desde la perspectiva de datos arqueológicos y paleontológicos de Cuba. Nuestros resultados apoyan la hipótesis de que las pérdidas de la fauna nativa de Cuba ocurrieron en ondas: una durante el Pleistoceno tardío y el Holoceno temprano, una segunda durante el Holoceno medio, y una tercera durante los últimos 2 mil años. Estos dos milenios resultan ser los más importantes, combinando la llegada de los agroceramistas y luego de los europeos como importantes golpes a la fauna. La coexistencia de especies ahora extintas con múltiples grupos culturales en Cuba por más de 4 mil años implica que las culturas indígenas no-ceramistas ejercieron menos presiones de extinción sobre la fauna nativa que las agroceramistas y los europeos que siguieron. Esto sugiere un valor determinante para la sofisticación tecnológica y la demografía vías importantes de extinción. Más allá de mirar las fechas de la primera llegada humana, los estudios futuros también deben considerar la diversidad cultural y atención a diferentes factores bioecológicos que influyen en los cambios de biodiversidad.

Recommended citation:

Orihuela, J., Viñola, L.W., Jiménez Vázquez, O., Mychajliw, A., Hernández de Lara, O., Lorenzo, L. and, Soto-Centeno, J. A. (2020a). Assessing the role of humans on Greater Antillean land vertebrate extinctions: new insights from Cuba. Quaternary Science Reviews, 249: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106597



Wednesday, January 29, 2020

New papers and preprints on antillean vertebrate extinctions now available!

Hi there internet surfers and blog-verse travelers, what a great way to start the new year. There are several new research papers and findings now available on Cuban - generally Antillean  - Late Quaternary land vertebrate extinctions. A lot of exiting and revealing new data, on which I will expand in future blog posts; hopefully, soon.

In the mean time, here I share some links for those interested in our new data and preprints.

Our new paper on Cuba bats is now available on my ResearchGate page here, or on the Novitates Caribaea journal page, here. To see a post on this research, visit here.

Three of our preprints posted on BioRxiv are available there, and they are citable as:

J. Orihuela, Lázaro W. Viñola, Osvaldo Jiménez Vázquez, Alexis Mychajliw, Odlanyer Hernández de Lara, Logel Lorenzo, J. Angel Soto-Centeno "Assessing the role of humans in Greater Antillean land vertebrate extinctions: new insights from Cuba" bioRxiv 2020.01.27.922237;doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.27.922237

J. Orihuela, Leonel Pérez Orozco, Jorge L. Álvarez Licourt, Ricardo A. Viera Muñoz, Candido Santana Barani "Late Holocene land vertebrate fauna from Cueva de los Nesofontes, Western Cuba: stratigraphy, last appearance dates, diversity and paleoecology"
bioRxiv 2020.01.17.909663; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.17.909663

J. Orihuela, Yasmani Ceballos Izquierdo, Roger W. Portell "First report of the Eocene bivalve Schedocardia (Mollusca, Cardiidae) from Cuba" bioRxiv 2020.02.03.932756; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.03.932756

Extinct Cuban ground sloth Megalocnus rodens. Specimen mounted with remains discovered by Carlos de la Torre
This skeleton is part of the collection at the Cuban National Museum.

Tuesday, March 17, 2015

Welcome!



Welcome to Fossil Matter, a blog about paleontology, geology, archaeology, history, and other related ramblings. Often I will blog about extinct mammals and birds from islands around the world, but mostly from the Caribbean and peninsular Florida, plus added nick knacks that will range from fossil bats to antique photography and old science books!

Overall, it is my goal to incite a healthy interest for the Earth history sciences by discussing, divulging, and promoting scientific ideas and research within these fields. I hope this blog cultivates an interest in these sciences that would reach farther than my community, peers, colleagues, or fellow bloggers.

Once more, welcome, and stay tuned!